Collector connection to the pipe network is carried out under the scheme “as above, ie the heat enters the collector in the lower part and left him in the highest. When connecting several collectors to equalize their conditions of work are practiced parallel inclusion. When the number of collectors is large, assemblage and distribution networks run by the so-called. Tihelman directional scheme. This ensures uniform wrapping manifolds with fluid. For effective work of individual collectors is desirable temperature of the fluid passing through them to match the intensity of solar radiation that could be achieved by shifting them to batteries with different temperature levels.
Collector connection
Solar systems with natural circulation are relatively effective and inexpensive technical solution, but their smooth and effective functioning is related to compliance with several important conditions. To ensure good circulation of fluid is required the boiler to be installed above the collector and then as close to it. Also, when these systems are in danger of freezing water in the collector and tank. The problem is completely solved – in the collector loop circulating fluid that has a low freezing point. Indirect solar systems with natural circulation of the coolant solve some of the disadvantages of direct, but completely logical and are more expensive. Overall, the heat transfer in systems with natural circulation flow with low speed, which is crucial to limiting their effectiveness.
While differing in the number of circulating circles, these systems are characterized by a number of common characteristics. Firstly, it’s total operating principle based on natural circulation. Another common characteristic between the direct and indirect solar systems with natural circulation is the use of an additional source of energy. In the form of electrical or other heater he installed in the battery container. When the intensity of solar radiation is insufficient to heat water in the tank to the desired values, such as prolonged or turning cloudy in winter, the heater turns on automatically and dozagryava water to the required temperature.
Forced circulation systems are more effective
Unlike systems with natural circulation in the pump header systems, there is no requirement for installation of the battery court higher than the collector. The installation of the collector could be done on the roof. A battery can be mounted anywhere in the building.
Unlike systems with natural circulation in the pump header systems, there is no requirement for installation of the battery court higher than the collector. The installation of the collector could be done on the roof. A battery can be mounted anywhere in the building.
Some experts recommend that the battery has a capacity adequate to collect the required amount of hot water for several days. It is possible to use an additional energy source to compensate for the inability of the collectors to produce hot water at the required temperature for longer periods of unfavorable weather conditions. In the process of designing solar systems for year round use, necessarily relies on the battery with auxiliary heating, mostly electric. If the battery has two poles, may be incorporated into the boiler. Logically, the battery and pipes should be insulated to prevent heat loss.
Solar systems with forced circulation is also designed as a direct or indirect systems.
Whichever type of solar system – with natural or forced circulation, the heat in the collector circuit is good to be chemically purified water, and can be used antifreeze based on ethylene glycol or propylene glycol. It is recommended that solar systems be constructed as indirect systems, ie with a separate collector kortur as thus provides a longer lifetime of the collector.
Solar systems with forced circulation is also designed as a direct or indirect systems.
Collectors are part of the architecture of the building.
Collectors are part of the architecture of the building.
Decisive importance for the achievement of the solar system efficiency is the mounting location of the collectors. Typically, for smaller installations solar collectors are placed on the roof of the building and less on a special metal structure. In all cases the condition is to collectors are installed in the open and unshaded place. In most applications roofs completely satisfy this condition, but should take into account the size of the collector and is there shading from other parts of the building or neighboring buildings. When the installation is more power, size of the collector are significant and this could influence the architecture of the building or the surrounding area. Another good solution for installation of solar collectors is used as envelope, making them part of the architecture of the building.
Collectors are part of the architecture of the building.
Logically, when the solar collector is mounted on a sloping roof, the slope of the collector the same as the roof. It should be borne in mind however, that the effective operation of the collector is directly related to the provision of appropriate slope of the collector. It is advisable to avoid mounting angles less than 20 degrees as the degree of contamination of the upper working surface of the collector is increased, resulting in system efficiency dramatically decreases.
Technical problem with this type of installation is to achieve good consolidation of the collector on the roof. In cases where the collectors are mounted on flat roof.
At worst, failing to comply with this condition is allowed to the collector is oriented to the southeast or southwest. The recommended slope of the collector should be in the range of 30 to 60 degrees as the optimum is considered the slope of 40-45 degrees. Manufacturers claim that in this orientation and inclination total nonstop energy transformation is maximum.
they are placed on a special bearing metal structure, usually made of steel profiles. On the supporting structure is mounted not only collectors, but also flowing. Advantages of this type of installation have the option of heaven collector orientation and tilt. A fault is considered not particularly aesthetic appearance of the collector field and the need for additional investment in thermal insulation and protect pipes from the weather.
Collector connection
Collector connection to the pipe network is carried out under the scheme “as above, ie the heat enters the collector in the lower part and left him in the highest. When connecting several collectors to equalize their conditions of work are practiced parallel inclusion. When the number of collectors is large, assemblage and distribution networks run by the so-called. Tihelman directional scheme. This ensures uniform wrapping manifolds with fluid. For effective work of individual collectors is desirable temperature of the fluid passing through them to match the intensity of solar radiation that could be achieved by shifting them to batteries with different temperature levels.
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